Perception of Medical Students towards online Teaching During the Covid-19 Pandemic from M.R Medical College, Kalaburgi, Karnataka

Introduction: The nationwide lockdown restrictions to control the spread of Covid-19 disease have impacted all aspects of life wherein medical education has also been affected. Such measures have resulted in a sudden shift in teaching methods towards online teaching. Timely feedback from the students and faculty and analysis of the feedback will improve the effectiveness of online teaching and learning. Aim(s): 1. To assess the barriers and benefits that students found during online classes. 2. To assess the challenges faced by the students in transition from traditional to online learning. Material(s) and Method(s): A cross sectional study for 2 months (July 2021-August 2021) at Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College, Kalaburgi. among 150 Students from the 3rd year MBBS, Data was collected from a Questionnaire in google form format from the students. Result(s): 20% of participants found online learning was not effective for medical subjects. 60% found it to be stressful. 76% of students had device of their own and 14% had to share with others. Conclusion(s): It is important therefore that medical colleges are aware of the barriers and provide appropriate solutions to the development of this type of learning and support the use of online learning amongst staff and students. Timely feedback from the students and faculty and analysis of the feedback will improve the effectiveness of online teaching and learning. Copyright © 2023, Institute of Medico-legal Publication. All rights reserved.

Metal oxide nanocomposites: design and use in antimicrobial coatings

Similar to the pandemic COVID-19 situations, the world has been facing various infections due to innumerable pathogenic microbes in living organisms, which puts many challenges in front of policymakers, scientists, and governments as well. Among the different strategies to control infection-causing agents, the demand to develop biostatic or biocidal coatings is increasing dramatically. In addition, numerous companies have been marketing the various antimicrobial ways for inactivating or reducing infectious microbes. Among the different types of antimicrobial coatings, surface coating is one of the promising strategies to disinfect the surfaces of various objects or tools used in hospitals, homes, etc. In comparison to organic- or polymer-based agents, metal oxide nanocomposites have been emerged as antimicrobial materials because of their overriding advantages such as higher surface area, excellent stability, non-toxicity, reasonable cost, chemical inertness, etc., which leads to higher activity toward the microbes inactivation through reactive oxygen species generation, ease penetration, well integrity, etc. With these objectives, this chapter discusses the metal oxide nanocomposites-based antimicrobial coatings for controlling the microbes observed on the surfaces of objects used in different sectors, such as hospitals, paints, automobiles, food, etc. Accordingly, this chapter describes the basics of nanocomposites, antimicrobial coatings, characterizing composites, biological measurements for antimicrobial coatings used in various fields up to the future perspectives of nanocomposites-based antimicrobial coatings. Therefore, metal oxide nanocomposites-based antimicrobial coatings can be used effectively to control the microbial proliferation of various objects, devices used in common places of high-risk infections. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

RF Energy Harvesting Multi-Frequency Receptor Model for Micropower Applications

In recent era of 21st century the electronics engineering is prettily well known for its comfort and user-friendly interface. All the low power sensor networks require a power for its routine applications and processes. RF Energy Harvesting (RFH) is emerging potential method for the proactive energy replenishment of next generation wireless networks and for energy crisis problem. Since present all the RF-DC techniques focuses on single or double frequency operation and it mainly deals with single structure antenna design. In this chapter the mathematical simulation model of multi structured frequency reception single antenna is designed under CMOS 5 stage rectification process to provide DC power for remote devices. The chapter-based prototype design of differential Microstrip patch structure for RF energy harvesting, CMOS rectifier which is to be designed in 5/6 stages. A multiple frequency receiver antenna with 3D structure along with its design characteristics in ADS is to be mentioned by this chapter. The presented structure uses various ADS tools and technics for simulation this will provide a basic design learning platform of ADS for researcher. ADS tools like Monte Carlo, optimization techniques and tuning conditions ae mentioned in this chapter for providing step by step simulation guidelines for new users. Currently the world is facing a big outbreak of COVID-19 and our day-to-day life activities gets stuck because of it. Because of technology the world has an option of human remote interaction with database to enforce the social distancing in such pandemic situation. WEH allows IOT sensor node to forage self-sustaining energy from environment. In this entire book chapter, we will get the brief knowledge of WEH system its fundamentals, Mathematical model process of each module, its software design aspects and most important step by step design validation and verification simulation guidance. © 2022 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.

Pleural aspergillosis with pulmonary artery thrombosis as a complication of Covid-19

Background: COVID-19 is associated with an increased risk of superimposed bacterial and fungal infections. Pleural aspergillosis is an uncommon manifestation of invasive aspergillosis. We report a case of pleural aspergillosis with pulmonary artery thrombosis after COVID-19 with favourable outcome. Case Study: A 67-year male, diabetic, IHD post CABG, with moderate COVID-19 disease 2 months ago, presented with 1 week history of productive cough, breathlessness and chest pain. Examination revealed hypoxia, tachycardia and diminished breath sounds on right side. Right hydropneumothorax was noted on imaging, tube thoracostomy was done. Pleural fluid investigations were suggestive of pyothorax. CECT-thorax showed cavitary consolidation in right lower lobe. Patient was treated with IV antibiotics. However, there was persistent air leak and tachycardia. 2D-ECHO showed mild PAH. D-Dimer was high, CTPA revealed partial thrombosis of right posterior basal pulmonary arteries. Pleural fluid fungal culture yielded Aspergillus fumigatus. Patient was initiated on oral voriconazole and anticoagulants. He showed marked improvement and in 5 days ICD was removed. Patient is on regular follow-up. Discussion: COVID-19 associated superimposed infections have been reported with high mortality rates. The use of corticosteroids and/or IL-6 antagonists have been implicated with the fungal infections. Pleural aspergillosis is rare. Diagnosis is usually based on clinical and microbiological evidence. A key finding in invasive aspergillosis is angioinvasion which leads to thrombosis and tissue infarction. Conclusion: Clinicians should have high index of suspicion for superimposed fungal infections in COVID-19. Early initiation of treatment brings down morbidity and mortality.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in an adult associated with coronavirus disease-19 in a renal transplant recipient - A case report

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection is still incompletely understood in transplantation, and there have been a few reports of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) like illness in transplant patients. Herein, we report a case of MIS-A in a renal transplant that ultimately was successfully managed. The case was a 32-year-old man, transplanted 3 years ago, with chronic graft dysfunction and no other comorbidities. He presented with a 3-day history of fever and abdominal pain with no respiratory complaints. The patient had multi-organ involvement in the form of acute pancreatitis, severe diarrhea, acute kidney injury, and shock. Inflammatory markers including D-dimer and C-reactive protein were elevated. Chest radiology showed bilateral haziness on admission. The patient had two consecutive SARS CoV 2 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) tests negative initially but eventually SARS CoV 2 antibody test came positive. The patient was managed initially with broad-spectrum antibiotics, and after confirmation of MIS-A, steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and anticoagulation were administered. The patient survived and was discharged on the 29 th day of admission. Our reports highlight that MIS-A should be suspected in atypical cases irrespective of COVID-19 tests and should be confirmed with repeated RT-PCR and SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests. © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

INTERPRETING GLOTTAL FLOW DYNAMICS FOR DETECTING COVID-19 FROM VOICE

In the pathogenesis of COVID-19, impairment of respiratory functions is often one of the key symptoms. Studies show that in these cases, voice production is also adversely affected - vocal fold oscillations are asynchronous, asymmetrical and more restricted during phonation. This paper proposes a method that analyzes the differential dynamics of the glottal flow waveform (GFW) during voice production to identify features in them that are most significant for the detection of COVID-19 from voice. Since it is hard to measure this directly in COVID-19 patients, we infer it from recorded speech signals and compare it to the GFW computed from physical model of phonation. For normal voices, the difference between the two should be minimal, since physical models are constructed to explain phonation under assumptions of normalcy. Greater differences implicate anomalies in the bio-physical factors that contribute to the correctness of the physical model, revealing their significance indirectly. Our proposed method uses a CNN-based 2-step attention model that locates anomalies in time-feature space in the difference of the two GFWs, allowing us to infer their potential as discriminative features for classification. The viability of this method is demonstrated using a clinically curated dataset of COVID-19 positive and negative subjects.

DETECTION OF COVID-19 THROUGH THE ANALYSIS OF VOCAL FOLD OSCILLATIONS

Phonation, or the vibration of the vocal folds, is the primary source of vocalization in the production of voiced sounds by humans. It is a complex bio-mechanical process that is highly sensitive to changes in the speaker's respiratory parameters. Since most symptomatic cases of COVID-19 present with moderate to severe impairment of respiratory functions, we hypothesize that signatures of COVID-19 may be observable by examining the vibrations of the vocal folds. Our goal is to validate this hypothesis, and to quantitatively characterize the changes observed to enable the detection of COVID-19 from voice. For this, we use a dynamical system model for the oscillation of the vocal folds, and solve it using our recently developed ADLES algorithm to yield vocal fold oscillation patterns directly from recorded speech. Experimental results on a clinically curated dataset of COVID-19 positive and negative subjects reveal characteristic patterns of vocal fold oscillations that are correlated with COVID-19. We show that these are prominent and discriminative enough that even simple classifiers such as logistic regression yields high detection accuracies using just the recordings of isolated extended vowels.

Exploring the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Medical Supply Chain Disruption

The COVID-19 outbreak is a worldwide disaster that has disrupted several aspects of human life and its community living. This pandemic has also affected the existing supply chain and the way it was being managed. Therefore, this study’s primary objective is to identify and discuss the significant impact of COVID-19 on the current supply chain, with specific reference to the medical supply chain. This article then recommends the potential solution measures that can reduce the impact of COVID-19 on the existing supply chain during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to do so, we have identified and discussed various significant impacts of COVID-19 on the supply chain. Identifying the impacts helps the policy planner formulate the policies to mitigate these impacts and recover the supply chain at their functional level. Further, this study also suggests possible solution measures that can be adopted to reduce the disruption of the supply chain. These solution measures help management develop the action plan for early recovery from the COVID-19 disruption.

COVID 19 pandemic - A need for emerging concern in dental practice

Outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 leading to respiratory symptoms associated with fever, cough, and respiratory distress, has been a major global concern leading to the declaration of worldwide lockdown. This rapid spread poses many challenges to the health-care system and, at the same time, provides innumerable threats for the return to the routine services. A part of the health-care system which would require many reformations in dentistry. Saliva being saturated with COVID-19 virus poses a major risk to dental professionals because of the aerosols being produced during the procedures being contaminated with saliva and blood. The disruption of dental services during the period of the pandemic may increase the burden of treatment requirements at a later period. There is also a need to bring about policies and recommendations that focus toward the modifications in treatment protocols. This article analyses the current situation and provides suggestions for modifications that provide effective infection control strategies in the prevention of nosocomial infection in dental settings.

A review article on home remedies during covid-19 pandemic lockdown

Coronaviruses are the group of new viruses that have been endangered in ani-mals and humans in the year November 2019. There are 6 types of coron-aviruses which has been known to infect human and form a host factor. Out of 6 types of coronaviruses 229E, NL63, OC43, HKU, are responsible for caus-ing symptoms from mild to moderate whereas MERS-CoV & SARS-CoV is of zoonotic which cause the symptoms from moderate to severe, where it affects the human respiratory system which causes difficulty in breathing. The specific treatment is yet to come but to get relief from the symptom of the dis-ease. One has to improve own immune system so as to fight the viral fever, dry cough, and other symptoms by practising the use of some herbal home ingredients and home remedies so as to boost up the immunity. This review article mostly focused on the covid-19 pandemic, drastic information about coron-avirus and the preventive measures to boost up the immunity by home-made herbal ingredients so as to prevent COVID-19 spread. The main aim of the article is to inform about the ingredients which are present at home and can be used in order to make herbal remedies for boosting up the immunity power. The immune system plays an important role in fighting the virus by creating antibodies against the viral infection. This article is based on the homemade immune boosters.

Sentiment Classification on Twitter and Zomato Dataset Using Supervised Learning Algorithms

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a special type of Machine Learning that takes care of unstructured data from the real world. Sentiment Analysis is the 'computational' method that decides whether the given sentence or paragraph is positive, negative or neutral. It derives a people's feelings, opinion and attitude etc. Using sentiment analysis tools in Twitter data to evaluate views and attitude which may help companies understand how people think about various events or products. In this paper, we have collected tweets dataset from twitter of hashtag COVID-19 and CORONA VIRUS. For Twitter dataset, we performed sentiment analysis and on Zomato dataset, Supervised Machine Learning Classification algorithms. Random Forest has got highest accuracy as 94.90 %. © 2020 IEEE.

Crucial role of physiotherapy in treating covid-19 patients

The emergence in China of 2019 of severe acute respiratory syndrome coro-navirus2 (SARS-CoV-2) previously provisionally names 2019-nCoV disease (COVID19) caused major global outbreak and is a major public health prob-lem. On 30 January 2020, the WHO declared COVID19 to be the sixth international public health emergency. This present pandemic has engrossed the globe with a high rate of mortality. As a front line practitioner, physiothera-pists are expected to be getting in direct contact with patients infected with the virus. That’s why it is necessary for understanding the many aspects of their role in the identification, contains, reduces and treats the symptoms of this disease. The main presentation is the involvement of respiratory system with symptoms like fever, cough, sore throat, sneezing and characteristics of pneumonia leads to ARDS(Acute respiratory distress syndrome) also land up in multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. This text describes and suggests physiotherapy management of acute COVID-19 patients. It also includes recommendations and guidelines for physiotherapy planning and management. It also covers the guidelines regarding personal care and equipment used for treatment which can be used in the treatment of acute adult patients with sus-pected or confirmed COVID-19.

Impact of lockdown on agriculture and allied sector in Washim district

Study on Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on agriculture and allied sector, best emerging practices in production, processing, value addition and marketing and initiatives of Krishi Vigyan Kendra to update farmer in these circumstances was carried out by KVK in the district. The data on impact of COVID-19 on agriculture and allied sector reveals that 50 per cent Rabi crops harvesting delayed due to non-availability of labour and field operations were costilier. 34 per cent farmers faced problem of sale of farm produce, turmeric crop harvesting losses upto 75 per cent mostly small and marginal farmers were affected due to lockdown. Fruit and vegetable growers has to succumb 85 per cent losses during sale, storage and marketing due to district boundaries blocking. Marketing problem has shown the another way of direct marketing through personal contact or use social media group. Similarly due to lockdown best agriculture practices has emerged in the field of production, processing, marketing and supply chain management. 30 per cent losses in dairy and 87 per cent losses in poultry farming enterprise has been indicated in the study.

Areas of academic research with the impact of COVID-19.

Coronavirus (COVID-19) endemic is growing exponentially in the whole world. Researchers, technologists, doctors and other healthcare workers are working day and night on the development of vaccine and medicinesto control and treat this virus. SARS-CoV-2 is the name of the virus responsible for causing COVID-19 disease, which is highly infectious and lethal.With exponentially increasing infections, proportionate fatalities are being reported both from developed and under developed countries. As of today, more than one million people across the world have been reported infected with this virus, and more than 65,000 people have died of this disease. Hence, there is an urgent requirement for conducting academic research on several aspects of this highly contagious disease, to find effective means of containment and treatment of the disease, for now, and in future. We have identified some opportunities for academic research related to COVID-19 and have also provided suggestions to contain, prevent and treat this viral infection.

Framework for Manufacturing in Post-Covid-19 World Order: An Indian Perspective

Covid-19 pandemic has created a colossal disruption all over the globe, especially in Europe, the USA, China, India, and many developed economies. The production supply chains have been massively disturbed. It is estimated that a significant number of Fortune 1000 firms have been severely affected by the pandemic. Manufacturing companies operating in and through India are also affected by Covid-19. However, Covid-19 also offers an opportunity to revisit the competitiveness of Indian manufacturing. Traditionally, India’s manufacturing growth has been based mostly on its domestic market. The disruptions due to Covid-19 are likely to offer new models of working and at the same time, opportunities to build capabilities and explore new international markets. The paper gives a perspective on Indian manufacturing involving various stakeholders such as industry associations, professional bodies, academic institutes, and industry to tackle the issue of enhancing manufacturing competitiveness. In a post-Covid-19, India will have to decide a mix of conventional manufacturing facilities, the automated special purpose, and industry 4.0. One perspective is to have an increased level of automation and implementation of Industry 4.0, with localized skills and global aspirations and another view is to have traditional manufacturing facilities that can ramp up its capabilities to satisfy increased demand of products. This paper presents a conceptual framework to assess Indian manufacturing.